1. Transfusion reactions are not exactly due to medical error–>they can and many times are based on the unavoidable fact that when you get transfused, lymphocytes accompany the transfusion and you get a febrile reaction…

2. Infections due to medical care-> again, its all relative as if you need a Foley and a ton of different lines in you because you have sepsis/shock, odds are you will get an infection but then you are in shock and that’s the cause of you having so many lines placed in you in the first place.

3. Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis-> the authors would do well to look this up because being in a hospital is a risk factor because the people there are sick (and thus, inactive) and post surgery many times, both of which are the root causes of DVT. Hospitals gather that group under one roof and of course people who match that description seek medical care…

4. Acute respiratory failure->they would do well to explain how this is the result of medical care and not the underlying illness. Drug induced ARF is quite rare and the other causes suffer from the same weakness as above.